Stemmata Craufurdeania of the annals of the noble family of Crawford; interpolated with heraldic notes and pedigrees of the following families with whom this house is matrimonially allied; Blair, Douglas, Campbell, Keith, Montgomery, Paul, Wallace

STBMWATA

CRAaPGRDBANIA

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REYNOLDS KISTORICAL
GENEALOGY COLLECTION

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STEMMATA
CRAUFURDEANIA

— OF —

CDe Jlnnals of the Roble Familp
of Craiofora.^

Jnterpolated with Heraldic Notes and PEDiGRfiji .
OF THE Following Families with, whom this :
House is Matrimonially Allied;

BLAIR, DOUGLAS, CAMPBELL, KEITH,

MONTGOMERY, PAUW- WALLACE.

EDMUND 'T. POMEROY.

London,

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1T63931

Crawford

Arms : (Craufurd of Craufurdland, County Ayr ;

Midlothian, and descendants of Crawford lineage).
Gules, a fess ermine.
Crest : A marble pillar supporting a man's heart ppr.
Motto : " Stant innixa Deo."

The recent discovery in an old illuminated manuscript at the
British Museum, in the Cotton Collection, of the Arms of
Stephen, third Earl of Richmond, (gules a bend ermine), died
1104, and their close similitude to the Coat borne by the
Craufurds, coupled with other corroborative circumstances,
has left absolutely no doubt that the old Earls of Richmond
and the ancient houses of Craufurd, Crawfurd, and Crawford
sprang from a common progenitor.

The most remote ancestor of the Craufurds in Scotland was
Reginald, fourth and youngest son of Alan, the fourth Earl
of Richmond (d. 1146). He accompanied David I. to the
North when that Prince entered his kingdom, followed, says
Chalmers, " by a thousand Norman knights, whom he pro-
vided for and established in his dominions for their civilization
and protection."

Reginald received extensive grants of land in Strath Cluyd,
or Clydesdale, and while there resident adopted for his name
■' Craufurd " being called after the name of his estate which
was one of the largest baronies in Scotland and of some three
or four hundred merk lands in extent. He may have been
that sterling warrior whom tradition says was signalized at an
engagement at the water of Cree, in Galloway, by discovering
a ford which gave great advantage to his party. So, some
tell us, he got the name of " Cree-ford " or Crawford. The
writers are inclined to agree on this statement and associate
with it the fact that in Gaelic " Craufurd " signifies " The
passage of blood."

John, the eldest of Reginald's two sons, established his
residence at what subsequently became known as " John's
Town," in the Parish of Craufurd, aud left issue —

Galfredus de Craufurd, a man of great weight in his com-
nmnity, who ranked with the Magnates Scotiae, and was a
frequent witness to the State documents of King William the
Lion. His son, Galfredus, died 1202, and left a son —

John de Craufurd, who was buried at Melrose Abbey, 1248,
and his estates divided between his two daughters. Of
these daughters the elder married Archibald de Douglas, and

was progenitrix of the renowned Earls of Douglas. At
Douglas Church, Lanarkshire, there is a perfect and beautiful
effigy of this lady, who is chiefly distinguished for the
great additions she brought to the Crawford estates. Her
sister, the younger daughter, married David de Lindsay,
from whom descended the House of Landsay, Earls of
Crawford. Few families in Scotland are more ancient than
those of Lindsay and Crawford (anciently Craufoord and
Craufurd^ Few are so royally allied as that of Lindsay, for
they can boast of four direct inter-marriages with the families
of reigning monachs. 1st — Sir William de Lindsay (d. 1200)
married Marjory, grand-daughter of David L and sister of
Malcolm IV. and William the Lion, King of England. 2nd—
Sir William de Lindsay (d. 1283) married Ada, sister of John
Balliol, King of Scotland. 3rd — Sir Alexander Lindsay (d.
1382) married Egidia, sister of Robert IL, King of Scotland.
4th— David Lindsay, first Earl of Crawford, married Elizabeth,
daughter of Robert IL and sister of Robert III.

The elder house being noted as extinct, we now return to
John, the second son of Reginald, the founder of the Craufurd
family, and we find he had issue a son. Sir Reginald de
Craufurd, a personage of great eminence, who married
(circa 1200) the heiress of the extensive barony of Loudoun
(Campbell) in Ayrshire, (which estate afterwards carried
with it the title of Earl to its possessors) and became the First
Vicecomes of Ayrshire. His son —

Hugh de Craufurd, of Loudoun, Vicecomes de Ayr, had —

Hugh de Craufurd (1221) of Loudoun, and left issue
Margaret, who married Sir Malcolm Wallace of Ellersley, and
was mother of the immortal patriot Sir William Wallace.

Sir Reginald (son of Hugh), had Hugh, father of Reginald
Craufurd, of Crosby, and those houses of this line who
sometimes blazon their Arms with an augmentation of " two
lances in saltire." do so to commemorate the exploits of this
Reginald, at Bannokburn, and from whose three sons are
descended the present distinguished houses.

Reginald, the next laird, had Thomas, of Auchmames, father
of Archibald, the father of Robert, killed at Flodden.

James, the next laird, had Thomas, who married Marion, of
the Hazlehead Montgomeries (Eglintoun) and had —

John, the father of William Craufurd, of Auchmames.

Patrick, the next laird, married a daughter of John Eraser, laird
of Knock, and their son,William,had Patrick, father of WUIiam,
of Auchmames, the father of Archibald, the sixteenth Baron
and Chief of this family, after whom the successive Chieftains
were : William, Archibald, Robert, Patrick, Moses and Robert.

Another line of this family, now in residence at Craufurdland,
descend from John Craufurd, third son of Reginald, last named
above, the line being ;

Sir Reginald (1296).

John Craufurd, living temp. Alexander II.

John Craufurd, of Craufurdland.

James Craufurd, of Craufurdland, warrior under Wallace
and great grandfather of —

Sir William Craufurd, of Craufurdland, immediate ancester
of the Craufurds of Craufurdland, a house that was for
centuries associated with thechief events of Scottish history.

John Crauford, killed at Flodden.

Lt.-Col. John Walkinshaw Craufurd, who was succeeded in
the representation of this house by his aunt and next heir.

Elizabeth Craufurd, who married (June 3rd, 1744) John
Houison, of Braehead, in Midlothian.

Elizabeth Houison-Craufurd, of Braehead and Craufurd-
land, married (1777) Rev. James Moodle, who assumed
the name of Craufurd.

Isabella, m. 1844, William, brother of Sir Alexander Keith.
Craufurd, Crawford, and Crawfurd Seats.
Crawford Priory, Co. Fife. Built by Lady Mary Lindsay

Crawford, near the site of the ancient family stronghold of

Struthers, very little of the remains of which ruined grandure

are visible.
KiLBURNiE Castle, Ayrshire. This fabric is now a ruin and

consistsof two parts; thesquaretowet common inFeudal times

with an addition or front of more modern style. It anciently

was built by the powerful family of Barclay, who were settled

there long before 1 149. The last of this family John Barclay

(1470) died without heirs male, and the estate settled upon

Malcolm Crawfurd of Greenock, a descendant of Craufurd

of Loudoun, and immediate progenitor of the house of Blair

of Blair, in Ayrshire.

In listing the occupants and residences of the representative
and present members of this house, divers methods of writing
the surname will be noted. Little importance need be attached
to this fact however, in view of all authorities agreeing that Sir
Reginald de Craufurd was the common ancestor of the line.
Craufurdland Castle and Braehead. Lt.-Col. Wm. Reginald

Houison-Craufurd.
Ann Bank House, Ayr. Sir Charles William Frederick

Craufurd, 4th Baronet.
Edinburgh. Hon. Donald Crawford.
London. Sir Homewood Crawford ; Richard Frederick

Crawford ; Lady Gertrude E. Crawford.
Mount Randal, Belfast. Sir William Crawford.
Holmwood,Claygate, Surrey. Com. Lawrence Hugh Crawford.
Stonewold, Ballyshannon, Donegal. Robert Crawford, J. P.
Thcrnwood, Uddingston, Glasgow. Hon. James Crawfurd.
Brocksford Hall, Doveridge, Co. Derby. Charles William

Jervis Crawfurd, J. P.

Interpolated Hccounts
of Di$titiaui$i)ea

Families iDltD iDbotn
tbis l>ouse is matri=
tnoniallp Ulliea.

Armorial bearings of the ancient and noble House
of Blair, of Blair, County Ayr.

Arms: Argent, on a saltire sable, nine mascles of
the first.

Crest : A stag lodged ppr.

Motto : " Amo Probos."

As anciently borne for the Earldom of Dundonald in
the County of Ayr, by the Rt. Hon. Campbell Blair,
Lord Cochrane :

Arms : Argent, a chevron gules, between three boar's
heads erased azure.

Crest : A horse passant argent.

Supporters : Two greyhounds argent, collared or and
leashed gules.

Motto : " Virtute et labore."

The noble family of Cockrane hold the above named
titles at this day, and bear the same arms, having for their
ancestor Sir William (Blair) Cochrane (son of Alexander
Blair, the son of John Blair of Blair), who, on his marriage
with Elizabeth, sole daughter and heiress of Sir William
Cochrane of Cochrane, took that surname according to the
terms made in the settlement of his wife's estate, 1593.

" Blair House," in the Parish of Dairy, Ayrshire, the
famous and ancient seat of the Blair family, stands on a
hard blue whin rock and has always been in the possession
of a Blair. It was built by Roger de Blair, a nobleman
married to Lady Mary Mure, an aunt of Robert the Second's
Queen. Originally it consisted of a square tower con-
structed of walls fourteen feet thick and arched at the
lower parts.

THE CAMPBELL FAMILY.

The surname " Campbell " is of ancient Scottish origin, however
otherwise asserted by some writers. The Keeper of the Records
of the noble family of Argyle (Campbell), Mr. Alexander Colvil
and Neil McElwin, (who with his ancestors was for ages the
"" Senesiones" or genealogist of the family), state that the name was
anciently Oduibhne, from Mervie Moir or Merwin the Great.

Oduibhne during his early life is recorded as having taken up
a residence in Ireland where he was Captain or Chief of a body of
fighting men, and settled in Scotland during the reign of King
Goranus (A.D. 512). He is said to have married that King's daugh-
ter and to have had issue Ferither Uor or Ferither Dun.
From Oduibhue (according to many accounts which in the main
agree) the name obtained two designations " Oduibhne " and " Siol
DiARMUiD," the latter of these two was he who flourished about the
time of Arthur, which reason gave rise to the theory of his being
a son of King Arthur. The writers disagree upon the question of
Diarmuid's wife. They say she was a great grand-child of Neil the
Great, (commonly known as " Naoighealla " or " nine hostages,")
whom he is recorded to have had in his custody at one time from
several Spanish and British Princes with whom he had been at
variance, one of the most famous of the Irish Kings.

The first son of this union, Duibhne, married Murdac, daugh-
ter of the Chief of the Murrays, and had issue Arthur, who
had issue Ferither 011a. He had Duibhne Faltdearge, or Duina (red
hair). In the next five generations the representatives were (in their
order)

F'erither Fionruadh (or whitish red)

Duina Dearg (red)

Dearg

Doun (or " Duina the Brown ")

Diarmuid Macduine

The last-named had two sons, " Arthur with the Red Armour"
and Duina the White Tooth. Arthur had three sons. Sir Paul
Oduine, Knight of Lochew and the original possessor of that estate
which yet remains with the family.

The second son Duina, the While Tooth, had a son called
Malcolm Oduibhne, who went to France, where he took as his
second wife an heiress of the Norman family of Beauchamps (in the
latin Campus bellus) by whom he had two sons, who changed their
name to Campbell. Of these sons, the eldest Duonyfius, remained
in France and is the recognised ancestor of the Campbells of that
Republic. The other son came to Scotland as an officer in the army
of the Conqueror, 1066 and settled in Argyleshire, where he married
his cousin, Eva Oduin, the only daughter of Sir Paul Oduibhne,
Chief of the Clan of that name. She being heiress of Lochow and
he also having retained the name of Campbell (as did his successors)
the whole Clan of Oduibhne, a few months thereafter assumed the
name of Campbell. Archibald (brother of this Dionyfius), was
succeeded by the famous " Colin the Bald," who married a niece of
King Alexander I. His predecessor (in the second generation) was
Gillespick Campbell (Lord of Lochow), known as Paul Inspuran,
from being King's Treasurer.

The Campbells ever were the most powerful of the Highland
Clans, and formerly their chiefs mustered many thousands of
fighting men, who were generally arrayed against the Stuart Family.
By the Highlanders the " Clan Campbell " is called " Clan Duine."
Their Chiefs have always been styled " Maccalean-Mohn," that is
" Son of Colin the Great." No one can deny that the family
rank among the bravest, most numerous and most ancient of all
Scotland. As has been previously stated, their origin goes back to
the beginning of the Fifth Century, when the family held possession
of Lochow. It was about this time that Fergus H. restored the
Monarchy of Scotland. It was 'toward the end of the Thirteenth
Century that Colin the Great flourished. Colin was one of the
Barons who were summoned to Norham Castle by Edward I. of
England in the competition between Bruce and Baloil. History
represents him to have been a very renowned and warlike chieftain,
and that he was slain in a conflict with the Lord of Lorn. This
fact kindled such a flame between the two families of Lochow and
Lorn, as was not extinguished for many years thereafter, nor indeed
so long as the male line of Lorn existed. The great Colin left issue
two sons — Sir Neil, his successor, and Sir Donald, of Redhouse,
who is the undoubted progenitor of all those families originally from
London.

THE DOUGLAS FAMILY.

If a long line of illustrious ancestors, distinguished by the
highest title, the greatest achievements, and connected with the
most august and noble families in Europe, can make any name
remarkable and great, none can be more so than that of the family
of Douglas. This family which has been honoured with alliances by
marriage with the first rank of nobility in Scotland, England and
France, even with crowned heads, having intermarried eleven times
with the Royal House of Scotland and once with that of En'gland.
Besides the honours conferred on them by their own sovereigns,
they have been Dukes of Turenne, Counts of Longueville and
Marshals of France. They were also highly distinguished by their
virtue and merit as well as their titles and opulence. Hence we see
them leading the van of the armies in Scotland ; supporting by
their valour the kingdom and crown of France, tottering on the head
of Charles Vn. by the bravery of the English; raising the seige of
Dantzic, for which they had the highest honours conferred on
them ; conquering the Saracens in Spain, with many other acts of
military glory that have made this family renowned throughout the
world.

About the year 770, in the reign of Salvathius, King of the
Scots, Donald Bane, of the Western Isles, having invaded Scotland
and routed the royal army, a man of rank and figure came seasonably
with his followers to the king's assistance. He renewed the battle
and obtained a complete victory over the invader. The king being
anxious to see the man who had done him such signal service, he
was pointed out to him by his colour or complexion, in Gxlic
language, " sholto du-glash," which signifies, behold that black or
swarthy coloured man ; from which he obtained the name of Sholto
the Douglas. The king rewarded his great services and gave him
grants of large possessions in the Counties of Lanark, which were
called Douglas.

William de Douglas, declared by many antiquarians to be lineally
■descended from Sholto, was created Dominus de Douglas, by King
Malcolm Canmore in 1057, i^ine years before the Norman Conquest.
His son. Sir John, dying about 1145 was succeeded by a son Sir
William, whose son Archibald, was a man of vast estate and in great
favour with Alexander II. Next followed William (died 1276) ;
Hugh, who defeated Haco, King of Norway during the invasion of
Scotland by that monarch ; William, called " William the Hardy,"
Governor of Berwick and James, Lord Douglas, called " The
Good."

The latter was one of the most eminent heroes of his time, and
laid the foundation of the future greatness of the House of Douglas.
The Saxon families who fled from the exterminating sword of the
Conqueror, with many of the Normans themselves, whom discontent
and intestine broils had driven into exile, began to rise into eminence
on the Scottish Borders. They brought with them the arts both of
peace and war, unknown in Scotland, and among their descendants
were soon numbered the most powerful border chiefs ; such during
the reign of Alexander were, Patrick, Earl of March and Lord
Souhs ; and such were also the powerful Comyns, who early
acquired the principal sway upon the Scottish Marches in the civil
wars between Bruce and Baliol. All these powerful chieftains
having espoused the cause of Baliol their lands were forfeited and
themselves exiled ; and upon their ruins was founded the formidable
House of Douglas. The Borders from sea to sea were then at the
devotion of a succession of mighty chiefs whose exorbitant power
threatened to put a new dynasty upon the Scottish throne. This
James was a constant adherent to King Robert Bruce. In June,
1 314, he commanded the left wing of the Scottish army at the battle
of Bannockburn. He was warden of the Marches or boundary
between England and Scotland. He it was who undertook a
journey to Jerusalem with King Robert's heart in conformity to a
vow made by that monarch, in which service he fell ; for after having
deposited the heart at the Holy Sepulchre, he joined the King of
Arragon against the Infidels and was killed in Andulusia (1331)
after having been thirteen times victorious against the Turks and

Saracens. For his services he had added to his armorial bearings a
man's heart (gules) ensigned with an imperial coronet (proper). His
was the original grant and the first appearance of the heart and
crown on the insignia of the Douglas family.

His heir and brother Hugh, was succeeded by William, created
Earl of Douglas, 1346. The second Earl, James, was that memor-
able warrior who fell in the celebrated battle of Otterburn. " I die
like my forefathers," said the expiring hero, " on the field of battle.
Conceal my death, defend my standard and avenge my fall ; it is an
old prophecy that a death man shall gain a field, and I hope it will
be accomplished this night."

The third Earl, Archibald, was succeeded by Archibald, who
was a man of distinguished valour, and had the command of the
Scotch forces sent to the assistance of France against the English,
for which Charles VH. invested him with the Duchy of Turenne
and made him Marshal of France.

During the lifetime of William, the sixth Earl, the powerful
house of Douglas had risen to a formidable height. Galloway,
Annandale, and other extensive territories in Scotland, the Duchy of
Turenne and Lordship of Longueville in France, rendered to the chief
of the family revenues equivalent to those of the Scotch monarch. The
young Earl, then but sixteen, possessed the impetuous spirit and
haughtiness natural to his age and fortune ; his highest title, that of
Turenne, emboldened the Douglas to regard himself us a foreign
prince, independent of the laws of his country. The prudence of age
might have induced a concealment of pomp and power from the fear
of envy and danger ; but in the arrogance of youth William dis-
played a constant train of 1,000 horse and a dazzling magnificence
of his household. He would even create knights and hold courts in
imitation of Parliaments. Crichton, the then Chancellor, was
irritated at the insults offered to him by the power of Douglas and
instead of bearing with the young Earl's insolence, in the hopes that
a few years would infuse moderation and prudence into his conduct ;
instead of secretly raising the King's influence with the Court of

France, that the foreign titles and possessions might be withdrawn
from the family, he resolved to destroy the Earl and his brother,
which might perhaps have admitted of some apology had they been
advanced to mature age, but when we consider the tender age of the
offenders it must be pronounced unjust, murderous and tyrannical.
By plausible invitations and flatteries, William, Earl of Douglas,
his brother David and Malcolm Fleming were inveigled into the
Castle of Edinburgh and, after an insidious entertainment and a
brief and desultory trial, were beheaded.

The Earldom of Douglas then fell to his uncle James, who left
a turbulent successor in his son William, the eighth Earl. The
unentailed estates of Galloway, Balvenic, Ormond and Annandale
were inherited by Margaret, sister of the murdered Earl, who
married William, thereby restoring the house of Douglas to all its
power. Douglas soon procured a parliament to be held in which
Crichton was denounced as a rebel and his estates forfeited. William
was created Lieutenant-General of the Kingdom, and while holding
that office for six years his heavy hand and sword were anything but
popular to his followers. The King having taken a dislike to his
tyrannical methods, William was stripped of his office, and disgusted
at the loss of his power he passed to the jubilee at Rome with a
gorgeous train of knights and attendants. He attempted to assassi-
nate Crichton and entered into a confederation with several potent
nobles in a mutual defence against every injury. The monarch, in
order to avoid civil strife which would necessarily have followed
this action, inveighled Douglas to Court at Stirling Castle on pre-
tences that he had forgiven his past enormities. After supper the
King, taking him into a secret chamber, where only some of the
privy council and the guard were in attendance, mildly informed him
that he had heard of his league and desired him to break such
illegal engagements. Douglas proudly refused and upbraided the
King with his procedures against him, which he asserted had forced
him to form this confederacy. The sense of repeated insults con-
spired, with the present personal affront, to kindle a flame of instan-
taneous fury, and the monarch exclaimed, " If you will not break
this league, by God I will," and drawing his dagger he stabbed

Douglas. Sir Patrick, afterwards Lord Gray, then struck the Earl
with a battle axe and the wound was instantly mortal.

This happened February 13th, 1452. James, his brother, became
ninth earl. He appears neither to have possessed the abilities nor the
ambition of his ancestors ; he drew indeed, against his prince, the
formidable sword of Douglas, but with a timid and hesitating hand.
Procrastination ruined his cause, and he was deserted at Abercorn by
the knight of Cadgow, Chief of the Hamiltons, and by his most
active adherents, after they had iueffectually exhorted him to commit
his fate to the issue of battle. The border chiefs, who longed for
independence, showed little inclination to follow the declining fortunes
of Douglas ; on the contrary, the most powerful clans engaged and
defeated him at Arkinholme, in Annandale, when after a short
residence in England he again endeavoured to gain a footing in his
native country. The spoil of Douglas were liberally distributed
amongst the conquerors and royal grants of his forfeited domain^
effectually interested them in excluding his return. An attempt on
the East Borders, Percy and Douglas together was equally unsuccess-
ful. The earl, grown old in exile, longed once more to see his native
country, and vowed that on St. Margaret's Day he would deposit his
offering on the high altar at Lochnaben. Accompanied by the
banished Earl of Albany, with his usual ill fortune, he entered
Scotland. The borders assembled to oppose him, and he suffered
a final defeat at Barnswork, in Dumfriesshire. The aged earl was
taken in the fight by a son of Kirkpatrick, of Closeburn, one of his old
vassals. A grant of land had been offered for his person. " Carry
me to the King," said Douglas to Kirkpatrick, " thou art well entitled
to profit by my misfortunes, for thou wast true to me whilst I was
true to myself." The young man wept bitterly and offered to fly
with the earl into England ; but Douglas, weary of exile, refused his
proffered liberty and only requested that Kirkpatrick would not
deliver him to the king till he had secured his own reward. Kirk-
patrick did more, he stipulated for the personal safety of his old
master ; his generous intercession prevailed, and the last of the
Douglas was permitted to die in monastic seclusion in the Abbey of
Lindores. After the fall of the House of Douglas, no one chieftain

appears to have enjoyed the same extensive supremacy over the
Scottish Borders.

George Douglas, first Earl of Angus and the only son of
William, first Earl of Douglas, by Margaret, his wife, daughter and
heiress of Thomas Stuart, Earl of Angus, dying in the year 1402,
left issue a son William, whose son James was the father of
George, the fourth Earl, who in 1449 had chief command of the
king's forces during the rebellion at that time. His son Archibald
was one of the leaders against his Sovereign, James III., in 1488,
at the fatal Battle of Flodden.

The sixth earl, Archibald, called " Archibald Bell, the cat,"
made a conspicuous figure in the history of Scotland. He was at
once Warden of the East and Middle Marches, Lord of Leddesdale
and Tedwood Forests, and possessed oi the strong castles of Douglas,
Hermitage and Tantallon. In 1514, Margaret Tudor, widow of
James IV., suddenly married the earl to the surprise and astonish-
ment of the royal houses of Europe. This precipitate step was
ruinous to her ambition, as, of itself, by the royal will, and by the
law of the country, it terminated her regency. In the progress of
time, however, various incidents contributed to restore her power,
and she continued to attract great attention by the splendour of her
birth and former station, by the art of her intrigues and by the
boldness of her talents. The nobility of Scotland were, at this
period, little remarkable for those abilities that depend on learning
and the earl was, perhaps, the most uninformed and unfit for his
dangerous elevation : for his royal marriage prompted him to assume
much of the vacant government, and the Queen's fondness seconded
his ambition. Experience and mature years displayed him in a
different light, but at this time his years and his instruction partook
of puerility. A birth distinguished by an ancestry of heroes, opulent
possessions and potent vassalry, above all a person blooming with
youth and elegance, transported the woman, while they ruined the
Queen ; and bitter and speedy was the repentance, for history has
surrounded them both with notorious amours, and after seven years
of inquietude a divorce was at length to divide the union.

The ninth earl, Sir Wilham Douglas, was succeeded by his son
William, who joined in conspiracy with the Catholic party in favour
-of Spain, and was imprisoned in Edinburgh Castle. He escaped to
the mountains, and later fled to France, where he died a monk,
leaving William, father of James, who succeeded his grandfather as
the second Marquis of Douglas. It was at this period that the family
of Hamilton, who were the next collateral heirs, disputed the succes-
sion, and the Court of Session having determined in Hamilton's
favour, an appeal was made to the House of Peers, when the judg-
ment of the Scotch Courts was reversed in January 1769. This
-cause made a noise all over Europe, and it was certainly one of the
most extraordinary and intricate that ever was litigated.

In the Marquis of Queensberry's family we have a branch of the
great and noble house of Douglas ; the first of the line being Sir
William Douglas, Baron Drumlanrig, son of James, the second earl,
who fell so bravely at the Battle of Otterbiirn in 1383. From him,
and eighth in line of direct descent, we find Sir William Douglas, of
Drumlanrig, a great favourite of both James VI. and Charles I. The
latter prince raised William to the honour of the Peerage as Viscouni
Drumlanrig and Earl of Queensbury on June 13th, 1633. His grand-
son, William, third Earl of Queensberry, was Justice-General ot
Scotland from 1680 to 1682, Marquis of Queensberry, Earl of Drum-
lanrig and Sanquhar, Viscount of Nith, Torthorwald and Ross, Lord
Douglas of Kinmouth, Middlebie, and Dornoch. In April 1862, he
obtained a royal warrant for himself and heirs for ever of the double
treasure in his armorial bearings as it is blazoned in the royal
achievements, and on November 3rd, 1684, was created Duke of
Queensberry, to him and the heirs male of his body. This branch of
the Douglas family are contended by Americans of the name to have
been represented in the American colonies. While it is a matter of
general knowledge that Lord Sholto George Douglas married an
American lady. Miss Loretta Mooney, in 1895, yet the connecting
link between the American pioneers of the name and the illustrious
English branch has never been definitely ascertained. It is a fact
that the first Douglas in America was one William, who in 1623

resided at Elizabeth City, Virginia. That he was a man of great
talent and learning is undisputed, as was also one Hugh Douglas,
who a few years later (October 24th, 1635) sailed in the Constance
from London for the Virginia Colony.

A few years later (1640) Deacon William Douglas settled with
his wife and two children at Gloucester, founding the New England
branch, and is probably contemporaneous with William, of Elizabeth
City.

The historian and biographer of the family, the Rt. Hon. Sir
Herbert E. Douglas, does not touch on the American question in any
manner whatsoever.

Arms: Quarterly ist and 4th, arg. a human heart gu. ensigned
with an imperial crown ppr., on a chief az. three stars of
the field, Douglas. 2nd and 3rd az. a bend between six
cross-crosslets fitchee or, Mar; all within a bordure or
charged with the royal treasure of Scotland gu.

Crest : A human heart gu. ensigned with an imperial crown
between two wings displayed or.

Supporters : Two pegasi arg.

Motto : " Forward."

THE SEATS AND ARMS OF KEITH.

Arms : — Argent, on a chief gules, three pallets or.

Crest : — A hart's head erased ppr, armed with ten tynes or.

Supporters : — Two harts ppr, attired as in the crest.

Motto ;— " Veritas Vincit." (Truth Prevails.)

Explanation of Terms : — " Chief "—a band which fills
the top of shield. " Palets " — plain bands, running vertically.
" Erased "— torn in a jagged line and being the opposite of
" couped " or cut straight.

These are the Armorial Bearings of the great and noble
House of Keith, Earls Marischals of Scotland, and one of
the most warring families known in the history of that
Kingdom. The Rt. Hon. Robert Keith brought much
honour to the name as Ambassador (1769) to the Courts of
Vienna and St. Petersburg. His arms are quartered
with Murray, as are those of Falconer (Earl of Kintore,
quartered with Keith). Field-Marshall General Sir James
Keith, (son of the ninth Earl Marischal) is known throughout
all history for his brilliant campaigns under Frederick the
Great.

SEATS.

Keith Hall, Inverness and Inglismaldie, Laurencekirk.
The Rt. Hon. Algernon Hawkins Thomond Keith-Falconer,
Earl of Kintore.

Brennanstown House, Cabinteely, Co. Dublin. Frances
May Olga de Longueil Keith.

THE MONTGOMERY FAMILY.

French antiquarians tell us that over forty different incursions
were made into that country by various bands of Northmen, the
most important of which, under the command of Rollo the Dane,
resulted in the permanent occupation of a large province which was
subsequently called Normandy. This alliance with romantic
France brought the Northmen fully under the influence of French
language, law, and custom, and made them the foremost Apostles
alike of French chivalry and Latin Christianity. There sprang from
these warring people one Robert de Mundegumbri, ancester of the
noble House of Montgomerie (1160). The Montgomeries bore for
arms : Azure, three fleurs-de-lis, or., as appears by the family seals
affixed to various charters and deeds of date circa, 1176. Previous
to that period the de Mundegumbri used a single fleur-de-lis, not,
however, placed upon a shield. (Herald and Genealogist, Vol. iv.
p. 16.) About four centuries after that period (1542) the first
Scottish armorial in existence was prepared under the superintendence
of Sir David Lindsay, of the Mount.

That Irish branches of the family are lineally descended from
the great house of the name is unquestioned, prima facie evidence of
which would be the various grants of arms which have from time to
time been made. Foremost of these is the grant to Sir Henry
Conyngham Montgomery (Baronet, of the Hall, Donegal, Oct. 3rd,
1808), technically described as follows : —

Arms : Quarterly, xst and 4th, az. three fleur-de-lis or, 2nd and
3rd gu. three annulets or, gemmed az.

Crest : A dexter arm, in armour, embowed, the hand holding a
broken spear, all ppr.

Motto : " Gardez bien."

This family also used a crest which showed a dexter arm, in
armour, erect, the hand holding a dagger, all ppr. The same crest
was granted to Montgomery, Baronet, of Magbie Hill, Peebleshire,
May 29th, 1774 (Berry Encyclopaedia Heraldica, Vol. ii.), and in-
cludes, for arms, those originally borne by the Earls of Eglintoun
and Winton, viz : —

Quarterly, ist and 4th, three fleurs-de-lis or (for Montgomerie),
and 2nd and 3rd, gu. three annulets or, stoned az. (for
Eglintoun).

Other prominent landed families claiming descent from the
House of Montgomerie are those of Ballydrain and Benvarden
(County Antrim) and the Grey Abbey branch. Some of the

pedigrees put forward by these families have been ridiculed by
modern writers, not without good reason, for Cromwell, in the cam-
paign of 1 651, destroyed practically all the wills and leases and other
documentary evidence held in the various diocesan registries. No
such data can be found in the Montgomery strongholds previous to
about 1730, and the modern seeker of connective pedigrees must
search through other and more laborous channels. The Rt. Rev.
Henry Hutchinson Montgomery, Bishop of Tasmania, prepared a
brief personal memoir or genealogical table, only to stop at this
point. This memoir appears in Burke's Colonial Families, sets
forth the fact that his Killaghter estates, were formerly held by
Catherine Montgomery, under the Bishop of Raphoe, County
Donegal (about 1700), and continues as follows : —

John Montgomery (most remote ancestor), of Killaghter, said to
be of the Lainshaw family, died after 1722, and was father of

David Mongomery, of Killaghter (will dated April 20th, 173^),
who married Mary, sister of Rev. Samuel Law, of Cumber, County
Derry, and has issue five sons and one daughter.

I. James. 2. Samuel. 3. John. 4. Michael. 5. Alexander
and Sarah (married Crawford).

Of these the eldest, James, died unmarried, and was succeeded
by his brother Samuel, who was a merchant in Londonderry and
Chamberlain of the City. He married Anne, daughter of Marino
Porter, Sur\-eyor of Greencastle (by Mary Cary, his wife, who, with
her husband, is buried at Moville), and had issue four sons and four
daughters, all of whom died young except Anne (who married Arthur
Newburgh), and Samuel Law, the youngest son, of whom more
presently. Mr. Samuel Montgomery purchased the estate of
Ballynilly, on which the town of Moville is now built, and died
August 2oth, 1803. He was buried at Londonderry, and was suc-
ceeded by his youngest son.

Rev. Samuel Law Montgomery, rector of Lech Patrick and
Moville {County Donegal) and Vicar-General ot Donegal, LL.B.
(T.C.D. 1801) married Susan Maria, daughter of James McClintock
Alexander, and died 1S32. His successor.

Sir Robert Montgomery (second son), G. C.S.I (1866), K.C.B.
(1859), LL.D. of Newpark, Moville, County Donegal, and of 7,
Cornwall Gardens, Queen's Gate, London, a member of the Council
of India and Lieutenant Governor of the Punjaub from 1859 to
1865 (born 1809, died Dec. 28th, 1887) married 1st (1834) Frances
Mary (died 1842) daughter of the Rev. James Thomason, and 2nd
(May 2nd, 1S45), Ellen Jane, second daughter of William Lambert,
B.C.S. (died i860), of Woodmanstone, County Surrey, by Mary
Anne, his wife (who died 1874), and by her (who resided at 5, Rosary
Gardens, South Kensington, London), had issue: —

1. Arthur Samuel Law (died unmarried, 1865).

2. Henry Hutchinson (Rt. Rev. D.D., M.A. Cambridge), Bishop
of Tasmania, of Bishopscourt, Hobart, Tasmania ; a member of the
Council of the University of Tasmania; born October 3rd, 1847 ;
married (July 28th, 1881), Maud, third daughter of Ven. Frederick
William Farrar, D.D., F.R.S., Archdeacon of Westminster and
Chaplain in Ordinary to the Queen, and had issue :

A. Harold Robert, born May 8th, 1884.

B. Donald Stanley, born Ma)' 2nd, i885.

c. Bernard Lav>', born November 17th, 1887.
D. Una, born May 12, 1889.

3. James Alexander Lawrence, Major, Bengal Staff Corps,
married (ist) Jessie Alice, daughter of Sir Thomas Douglas
Forsyth, K.C.S.L, C.B., Commissioner of the Fyzabad Division,
Bengal, by whom he had two daughters, Helen, born Oct. 4th, 1876,
and Winifred Ethel, born Oct. 23rd, 1878 ; (2nd) Kate, eldest
daughter of Colonel Millar, and by her had :

A. Alan Douglas, born Oct. 28th, 1887.

B. Muriel Frances, born April 4th, 1883.
c. Lucy Marguerite, born July 23rd. 1884.

4. Ferguson John (Rev.) B.A. of Sialkote, Punjaub, India, and
former of Swanmore, Bishop Waltham, Hants ; born July 17th,
1852, married June 25th 1879, Ethel Elmina, youngest daughter of
Henry Thomas Raikes, of the Bengal Civil Service, and had issue
two sons and one daughter :

A. Hugh Ferguson, born May 8th, 1880.

B. Neville, born August 8th, 1885.

c. Hilda Pauline, born Jan. 25th, 1889.

5. Lucy, married Rev. Roger William Hammond Dalison. M.A.,
of Stone, Dartford, County Kent.

William Montgomery, in his valued collection of " Montgomery
Manuscripts " relating to the branch in Ireland, discusses at great
length the various relationships with the main stem of this great
Scottish House. There were, however, a number who came over
into Ireland and received grants of denization in 1617. These
settlers or gentlemen farmers were : —

John Montgomery, of Ballinacross,

Robert and William Montgomery, of Donoghdie,

Thomas Montgomery, of Knockfergus,

John Montgomery, of Redene,

Matthew Montgomery, of Donoghdie,

Robert Montgomery, of Moneyglasse (now Glass Moor).

John Montgomery, of Ballymagorrie.

(Calendar Patent Rolls, James I., pp. 326, 339).

The Rev. George Hill, of Belfast, edited one edition of these
manuscripts. Messrs. Archer and Company, the publishers, have
interpolated a hand-written statement in the first volume (which
is in the British Museum) to the effect that the second volume was
not published owing to the lack of interest in the work.

Mr. William M. Montgomery (of Philadelphia, Pa., U.S.A.) is
lineally descended from the branch of Killead Parish, County
Antrim. Concerning this line the author of the " Montgomery
Manuscripts" tells us : —

" Since 1692 divers other Montgomerys came out of Scotland
and took farms in Ireland of whom I can give no account. One
such family has been long known in the Parish of Killead, County
of Antrim." (The Montgomery M.S.S., dited by Rev. George
Hall, p. 396).

Mr. Hall, in a brief note, continues, " The late Rev. Henry
Montgomery, LL.D., of Dunmurry, a member 0/ this family, was one of
the most talented of the many remarkable men who bore this surname."
In view of the fact that the Rev. Henry Montgomery descends from
a cadet branch of the House of Hazlehead, in Ayrshire, the relation-
ship of the Killead branch with the noble House of Montgomery
is apparent.

Burke, in his Landed Gentry (Beaulieu, Vol. ii.), states that
" Rev. Alexander Montgomery, of the House of Hazlehead, in Ayr-
shire, who first settled in Ireland, came at the invitation of his
cousin. Viscount Montgomery, and was Prebendary of Doe (County
Donegal). By his wife, Margaret, daughter of Very Rev. Alexander
Conyngham, Dean of Raphoe, he had two sons John and William.
The eldest son, John, a major in the army, died 1679," etcetera.
While this pedigree lacks some important features its authenticity is
universally admitted ; not so, however, the connective genealogical
tables put forth by the Grey Abbey branch (see Herald and
Genealogist, Vol. iv. and Vol. ii.)

The Rev. Henry Montgomery was founder of the remonstrant
synod of Ulster, fifth son of Archibald Montgomery, and was born at
Boltnaconnel House, in the Parish of Killead, County Antrim. He
preached at Dunmurry (formerly known as Downmanvoy), County
Antrim, four miles from Belfast. Here he married (April 6th, 1812)
Elizabeth, fourth daughter of Hugh Swan, of Summerhill, County

Antrim, and left issue ten children. On his death at Glebe, Dun-
murry (Dec i8th, 1865), biographers proclaimed him to the skies as
a person of commanding stature, of handsome presence and fas-
cinating manners." John Prescott Knight painted his portrait in
1835, but its whereabouts is unknown. Another famous portrait,
that of Sir John Montgomery, Royal Governer of New York (1728),
has been missing for more than a century.

Certain members of the landed gentry of County Antrim claim
descent from the Montgomerys of County Fermanagh. The genuine-
ness of such claim is apparent in view of the recognised settlement
at Derrybruck (County Fermanagh) of Braidstane branches of the
Norman and Scotch House of Montgomerie during the sixteenth
century.

Returning to the Benvarden branch, we find their progenitor to
be a Robert Montgomery, of Glenarm. He was born October 13th,
171 1, and married (July 8th, 1742) Margaret, daughter of John Alen,
of Kilmandel, and had issue by her :—

1. John, his heir,

2. Hugh, of Ballydrain, County Antrim, married Emily,

daughter of John Ferguson, of Belfast, and left issue six
sons and one daughter. One of these sons, Thomas, was
High Sheriff of County Antrim.

3. Alexander, of Potters Walls, County Antrim.

4. Thomas, of Birch Hill, County Antrim, J. P.

5. Barbara. 6. Isabella. 7. Marian. 8. Victoria.

John was succeeded by his eldest son, John, of Benvarden, J. P.
and D.L., born Dec. 24th, 1790; married March 5th, 1819, Jane,
daughter of Sir Andrew Ferguson, Baronet, and had : —

J. Robert James, his heir.

2. Barbara Anne, married Dec. 27th, 1876, Very Rev. Andrew

Ferguson Smyly, Dean of Derry.

3. Isabella Dorathea.

Robert died December 7th, 1876, and was succeeded by his
only son, Robert James Montgomery, of Benvarden.

We have in the forgoing set forth a general review covering the
connection of the Irish branches of Montgomery with the noble
house of the name. The family, who, as Earls of Eglintoun, have
long acted a splendid part in Ayrshire, originally settled in Renfrew
from Shropshire under holdings as vassals of Walter, the son of
Alan, the first of the Stewarts, who owed their origin to the same
shire.

The Eglintoun pedigrees have been traced (Burke's Royal
Families) from the sixth Earl to Edward I. of England ; the wife of
the Earl, Lady Anne Livingston, being eleventh'in direct line of
descent from that monarch.

The Manor of Eaglesham (Renfrewshire) was originally granted
by David L to the first of the Stewarts. Robert de Mundegumbri, who
had accompanied him into Scotland, subsequently became possessed
of these estates, his first possession, and for two centuries the chief
seat of the family of Montgomerie. It was not until the reign of
James IL that the family obtained the Peerage by the title of Lord
Montgomery, and the higher dignity of Earl of Eglintoun in 1507.
Eaglesham acquired its name from the village where the church now
stands, and the appellation of the village is derived from the Celtic
eaghs, signifying a church, to which has been added the Saxon term
for a hamlet. Thus Eaglis-ham signifies the church hamlet. The
patronage of the Church of Eaglesham has always been connected
with the manor, and it still remains with the family. In 1429 the
parish Church of Eaglesham was constituted a prebend of the
Cathedral Church of Glasgow by Bishop Cameron, with consent of
the patron. Sir Alexander Montgomery of Eaglesham. The chief
messuage of the barony was the Castle of Polnoon, which stood on
the bank of a rivulet of the same name, about three-quarters of a
mile south-east from the church. It has long been a complete ruin,
and only part of the walls remain standing.

The name of Ayrshire is derived from the appellation of the
shire town, and the town was so called from the very ancient Celtic
name of the river Ayr, on the banks of which the shire town is
situated. Ayrshire lies along the Firth of Clyde, which washes its
western shore from Kelly-burn on the north, to Galloway-burn, which
enters Loch Ryan on the south, for an extent of more than seventy
miles. It is bounded on the north and north-east by the County of
Renfrew, on the East by the Counties of Lanark and Dumfries, by
the stewarty of Kirkcudbright on the south-east, and on the south
by Wigtonshire. It covers about 1,040 square miles. The
parish itself (Ayr) contains 7,139 acres, which in 1886 were valued
at ;^i3,96i OS. 9d.

MONTGOMERIE, EARL OF EGLINTOUN.

George Arnulph Montgomerie, Earl of Eglintoun (1507, s.).
Baron Montgomerie (1448, s.). Earl of Winton (1859, U.K.), Baron
Androssan (i8o5, U.K.), Hereditary Sheriff of Renfrew, Lord-Lieut.
of Ayrshire, succeeded his brother as 15th Earl, August 30th, 1892,
was born Feb. 23rd, 1848.

Arms: — (Original matric. 1797. Re-matric. 1904.)

1st and 4th grand quarters, quarterly ist and 3rd, azure,
three fleurs-de-lis or. (Montgomerie) ; and and 3rd, gu. three

annulets or, stoned azure (Eglintoun), all within a border
or, charged with a double tressure flory and counterflory
gules ; 2nd and 3rd, grand quarters, quarterly ist and 3rd,
or. three crescents with a double tressure flory counterflory
gules (Seton) ; 2nd and 3rd, azure, three garbs or. (Buchan),
over all, on an escutcheon parted in pale proper, two
swords in saltire, pommelled and hilted or, supporting an
imperial crown, the sinister charged with a star of twelve
points argent, all within a double tressure flory counter-
flory or.

Crest : A female figure (representing Hope) ppr. attired azure,
holding in her dexter hand an anchor or. and in her sinister
by the hair a human head ppr.

Supporters : Two wyverns emitting flames ppr.

Motto : " Gardez bien."

Mantling gules, doubled ermine.

Seats : Eglinton Castle, Irvine, Ayrshire ; Skelmorlie Castle,
the Pavillion, Ardrossan, and Largs, N.B.

The Montgomery Manuscripts, by W. Montgomery. Belfast,
1830.

The Montgomery Manuscripts, edited by Rev. George Hall.
Belfast, 1869.

Parliamentary Memoirs of Fermanagh, by the Earl of Belmore.

George Robertson's Description of Cunninghame, 77, 205, 248,
281-5, 318, 398.

Shirley's History of the County of Monaghan, 234.

The Gresleys of Drakelowe, by F. Madan, 271.

Tierney's History of Arundel, 141.

History of the House of Arundel, Albini, Fitzalan and Howard,
by John Pym Yeatman. London, 1882.

The Ulster Journal of Archaeology, ix. 156, 2^8.

Jewett's Reliquary, xv. 7.

The Palatine Note Book, i. 185.

Notes and Queries, 2 S. i. 293, 400 ; ii. 133 ; 4 S- i. 4.

Cliff"ord's Description of Tixall, 109.

J. G. Reid's History of the County of Bute, 216-228.

Howard's Visitation of Ireland, ii. 25, 98.

A Genealogical History of the Family of Montgomery, by E.
G. S. Reilly, 1842.

Memorials of the Montgomeries, Earls of Eglinton. By Wm.
Fraser. Edinburgh, 1859, 2 Vols.

Genealogy of the Montgomeries of Smithton, by Sir Robert
Douglas, Bart. Windsor, 1795, 8 Vols.

A genealogical account of the family of Montgomerie, by Wm.
Anderson. Edinburgh, 1859.

Montgomerie Genealogy, by F. O. Montgomery (U.S.A.)

Historical Memoir of the Family of Eglinton and Winton, by
John Fullarton. Androssan, 1864, 8 Vols.

Case of A. W. Montgomerie, Earl of Eglinton.

Paterson's History of the County of Ayr, i. 230, 279-292 ; ii.
100, 229, 309, 367, 452.

Paterson's History of Ayr and Wigton, i. 314 ; ii. 274, 399 ; iii.
71, 86, 98, 173, 213, 275, 278, 491, 533, 594.

Wood's Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, i. 490.

Douglas's Baronage of Scotland, 525.

Harliean Society, ix. 2, 3, ■:qi ; xiv. 560 ; xx. 7 ; xxix. 363.

Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, ii. 168 ; New Series, ii. 74.

Brydge's Collins' Peerage, ix. 283.

Burke's Extinct Baronetcies.

Burke's Commoners, ii. 594 ; (Grey Abbey), iv. 186.

Burke's Landed Gentry, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 ; (of Killee) 8 ; (of
Milton) Landed Gentry, 2 Supp., 3 ; (of Benvarden) 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ;
(of Belhavel) 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ; (of Garboldisham) 4 Supp., 5, 6, 7, 8 ;
(of Annick Lodge) 2,3, 4 ; (of Blessingbourne) 6, 7, 8 ; (of Convoy
House) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ; (of Crilly House) 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ; (of
Beaulieu) 5, 6, and Supp., 7, 8.

Burke's Vis. of Seats and Arms, Second Series, i. 36.

The Curio (New York), i. 55.

(Montgomeries of Scotch-Irish descent have married into the
Philips family of Bank Hall. Their genealogy, carefully preserved,
has been published by an American descendant, and is undoubtedly
to be found at the Congressional Library, Washington, D.C.
Henry, of Philadelphia, Pa., born Jan. 8th, 1767, married a
daughter of the Hon. Mr. Justice Chew, of the Philadelphia Court
of Appeals).

THE PAUL FAMILY,

ITS HISTORY AND GENEALOGY.

The family take their origin from local places of the name in
Yorkshire. One Baronet of the family has seats at Paulville,
Carlow, Waterford, Tinoran, Wicklow and Ballyglan (Ireland) ; his
ancestors being : i ^fi'iQ'J-l

Jeffrey Paul, of Ballyraggan (Co. Carlow); son of Joshua Paul,
of Rathmore (same county), youngest son of Joshua Paul, presumably
of Paulsworth, Durham, and an oflicer who served under Cromwell
in Ireland. Many times a Member of Parliament for County
Carlow, he married (1708) Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Christmas,
Esq., M.P., of Waterford.

He left issue Christmas Paul (also an M.P. for Waterford, and
who married Ellen, daughter of Robert Carew, M.P., of Bally-
namona (Waterford) and representative of the family at that
place.

He left, with other issue, two sons, the first of whom, Sir
Joshua, was created a baronet, and the second, Robert, who was of
John's Hill (Waterford), represented both as Commissioner in
Bankruptcy and Chairman of Sessions.

The creation of this Baronetcy dates from January 20th, 1794,
the first of the line marrying (1771) Sarah, daughter of William
Gun, Esq., of Kilmaney (Kerry), and leaving four sons and three
daughters.

The Second Baronet — Sir Joshua Christmas Paul.

The Third Baronet — Sir Robert Joshua Paul,

The Fourth Baronet — Sir William Joshua Paul.

During the sixteenth century there Uved at Frampton-on-Severn,
the Rev. Nicholas Paul, vicar at that place and progenitor of another
distinguished branch of this family. His son, Rev. Onesiphorous
Paul (Vicar of Warnborough, Wilts), left issue Nicholas Paul of
Woodchester (Gloucestershire.)

The son of Nicholas left issue Sir Onesiphorous Paul, of Rod-
borough (Co. Gloucestershire), who was the first of the Baronets of
this line. (Creation September 3rd, 1762). After his decease, his
only son took by Royal License the additional name of George.

A later creation from another branch of this same family was
that of Sir John Dean Paul (Creation September 3rd, 182 1). He
v/as succeeded by Sir John Dean Paul (Second Baronet).

The Third Baronet — Sir Aubrey John Dean Paul.

The Fourth Baronet — Sir Edward John Dean Paul.

The Fifth Baronet — Sir Aubrey Henry Edward Dean Paul.

William Bond Paul (born Feb. 17th, 1817), son of Thomas
Paul, Esq., of Langport (Somerset) ; married (May ist, 1849)
Harriet, daughter of Edward Pierce, of New Park, (Devon).

Family Livery : Black, trimmings in gold lace, gilt buttons.

AMERICAN COLONIAL ANCESTRY.

William Paul, born in Scotland 1624, to Dighton, Mass., 1670.
William Paul, among the first settlers at Taunton, Mass., and
so appearing in local records of 1635-36.

THE FAMILY ARMS.

Paul : — (Norfolk and Lambeth, Surrey.)
Akms : Arg. two bars az. a canton sa.

Crest : A trunk of a tree, raguly, lying fesse wise, sprigged
and leaved vert, a bird, close arg. Another Crest, a
garb, vert, banded arg.)

Paul : — (Kings' Stanley, Gloucestershire.)

Arms: Arg. on a fesse az., three cross crosslets or.

Paul : — (Granted to Robert Paul, of St. Andrew's, Holborn,
Middlesex.)

Arms: A lion ramp, doubled queued, ducally crowned,
brandishing in his dexter paw, a falchion, all gu.

Crest: An elephant arg., on his back a castle gu., tied
under his belly, on the point of his trunk a falchion,
erect, of the last.

Paule : — (Yorkshire.)

Arms : Arg. on a fesse az., three cross crosslets or.

ARMS OF THE BARONETS.

Paul: — (Woodchester, Gloucestershire, 1761.)

Arms : Arg. on a fesse az., three cross crosslets or, in base
three ermine spots.

Crest : A leopard's head. err. ppr.

Motto : " Pro rege et republica."

Paul : — (Paulville, Co. Carlow.)

Arms: Az. a sword erect arg. between four crosses, patee-
fitchee of the second.

Crest : A cross patee-fitchee or. between two swords in
saltire arg.

Motto : " Vana spes vitse."

PAUL.

Of the more prominent families of the Paul line we find that Sir
Onesiphorius Paul, Baronet, was probably the largest wooden
manufacturer of his time (Woodchester, 1750). He was Sheriff of
Gloucestershire (1760), had the honour to entertain Frederick, then
Prince of Wales, and was knighted at St. James', when, on December
17th, 1760, he presented an address to the King. The branch at
Paulville (arms described herein) possess more than 3,000 acres of
land in County Wicklow, about 1,500 in County Carlow, 800 in
Kerry, and 200 in Waterford (approximately).

William Paul — This American progenitor, to whom we have
referred, left a very numerous issue, and it is to him that most of the
American families of the name trace origin. He married Mary,
daughter of John Richardson, leaving issue at least six children, the
majority of whom married and left issue. One of his sons (William
of Taunton) was father of Benjamin (of Berkeley, Mass.), the father
of William, of the same place. The latter's grandson, Jeremiah
Paul, resided at both Taunton and Woodstock (Vt.), where his
descendants remember him as deacon of the Congregational Church.
The son of Jeremiah, Bela Paul, Esq., of Windsor (Vt.), was born at
Taunton, and left issue Mary Stiles Paul. His wife, Mary, daughter
of Eliphalet and Elizabeth Stiles Briggs, was the great grand-
daughter of Eliphalet Briggs, a member of the Committee of Safety
(1776) and also a direct descendant of Jeremiah Stiles, commander
of a company at Bunker Hill, James (great-grandson of William
Paul, of Taunton) was born at Dighton (Mass.), April 25th, 1768,
served in the war of 18 12, and left issue several descendants, who
are connected by marriage with the following families : — Gregory,
Codeby, Stockman, Pearson, Howard and Young. One descendant,
Hon. George Howard Paul, was formerly a State Senator for
Wisconsin, and Vice-President of the American Spelling Reform
Association.

We have endeavoured herein to briefly outline the history and
genealogy of the family from an heraldic standpoint. Additional
facts may be had by referring to local references or books on the
Peerage.

BROOKS.

Duncan

Wallace

The origin of the surname " Wallace " is identical with that
of " Walleys " and " Wallis " of English family nomenclature.
It was anciently a personal name, being borne by Galgacus,
the celebrated Caledonian Chief who opposed the arms of
Agricola, and has been identified by Baxter with " Gwallog,"
a British name, which suggests the original form of the
modern Wallace.

From various authors we learn that the noble family of
Wallace took their descent from a cadet of the Craigie-Wallace
line at Ayrshire, and according to the manor rolls of Wallace
which were reviewed by Hutchinson in his history of Cum-
berland, the pedigree is continued down through the posterity
of Alexander, second son of John Wallace of Craigie, whose
descendants settled (about 1500) upon the Eastern border
of England. At Newcastle-on-Tyne stands the Church of St.
Nicholas, famous in Wallace annuls, and here, on the East
wall of St. Mary's porch, are graven in stone the Wallace
Arms quartered with Lindsay of Craigie.

From Henry Wallace, Commissioner of Enclosures for
Northumberland (1550), descended Thomas Wallace of Lambly,
said to have been slain at the Battle of Worcester, and one of
whose sons, Thomas, had, by Lady Alice (daughter of Sir
Thomas Carleton) two sons.

Albany Wallace, one of these sons, was the father of
Thomas, who succeeded to the several family estates, and as
further evidenced by a will proved at Durham in 1678. He
married Lady Isabella Graham of Breckonhill Castle, Cum-
berland, and had two sons, one of whom, Thomas Wallace,
Lord Asholme, was succeeded (July 2nd, 1721) by Thomas,
a distinguished attorney at that place, and who left issue
James and John, the latter resident at Sedcop House, Kent.

James purchased the Manors of Thornhope, Featherstone
Castle, and Knaresdale, which adjoined the Astholme estates ;
was Solicitor-General 1777, Attorney-General 1780, and repre-
sented Horsham, County Sussex, in Parliament. He married
Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Simpson, of Carleton Hall,
Cumberland.

His only son, Thomas, of Asholme (born 1768) received
many public honours, was a member of the Privy Council
(1801), and on February 2nd, 1828, was created Baron
Wallace of Knaresd Je.

Armorial Bearings of this House as originally granted
to Wallace of Ellerslie, Co. Renfrew, (seventeenth century) :

Arms : Gules, a lion rampant argent, within a bordure
compony of the second and azure.

Crest : Out of a ducal coronet or, an ostriche's head
and neck ppr., holding a horseshoe in the beak.

Motto : (Over Crest) " Sperandum est."
(Under Crest) " Esperance."

Supporters as borne by the Baron Wallace:

Dexter a lion per bend dovetailed sinister sable and or,
murally crowned and charged on the shoulder with a cross
flory gold; Sinister, an antelope ppr., ducally gorged and
chained, and charged on the shoulder as the dexter.

Armorial Bearings of the English House as granted
to Sir Richard Wallace, M.P., Baronet, of Sudbourne Hall,
County Suffolk :

Arms : Gules, on a pile between two ostriches' heads
erased argent, each holding a horseshoe in the
beak or, a lion rampant of the field.

Crest : In front of fern vert an ostriche's head erased
argent, holding in the beak a horseshoe or

Motto: "Esperance" (Hope).

Seats :

St. Ermins, S,W. Sir Donald Mackenzie Wallace.
Ardnamona, Lough Eske, Co. Donegal. Sir Arthur Robert

Wallace.
Newport, Co. Tipperary. Sir Charles Wallace, Baronet.
St. Ann's Fleet, Hampshire. Sir William Wallace.
Cloncaird Castle, Maybole, Ayrshire. Hugh Robert Wallace
Myra Castle, Downpatrick, Co. Down. Col. Robert Hugh

Wallace.

The Irish House.

This branch of the family, who were settled in Ireland
during the latter part of the seventeenth century, bore the
same arms as those ascribed to the main stem of the great
Scottish house, with a crest registsred at the Ulster's office
and technically described as follows :

"A sword erect, enfiled with a saracen's head aflfrontee ppr."

Wallace of Scotlana

Wallace or PWladelpMa

Sir Bernard Burke, Ulster King of Arms, has said that the
great Scottish House of Wallace has been immediately repre-
sented in America only (Burke's Visitation of Seats and Arms)
" and traces, by incontestable proofs, their lineage through the
" Earls of Bothwell and Morton, and through James I. of
" Scotland, to Robert Bruce, and by another line, through the
" Earls of Somerset, to the Royal Family of Plantageaet of
" England." (Burke's Royal Families).

Lineage :

Rev. John Wallace, born 1674, buried on the East side
of Drummelier Parish Church. (Tombstone, now standing,
reads as follows :

" Here lythe Reverend Mr. John Wallace, Minister
"of the Gospel at Drummeizier, who died 3rd June, 1733,
" aged 59 ; and Christian Murray, his spouse, who died
" Nov. 21st. 1755, aged 79 years.")

Issue :

1. Christian

2. William, Minister at Drummelier, baptized May 2nd, 1708.

3. Helen.

4. Archibald.

5. Andrew

6. Agnes

7. John.

John, last named (youngest, not eldest son), is supposed
to have resided near Broughton (Lancashire), sailed for the
American Colonies (1742-3) and settled at Philadelphia, where
he subsequently became a Member of the Common Council
of that City.

Arms : Gules, a lion rampant argent, within a bordure

gobonated of the last and azure.
Crest: A demi lion rampant.
Motto : " Pro Patria."

Genealogy of Wallace
OF Brother's Industry, Maryland.

Herbert Wallace, of Craigie, Ayrshire, direct descendant of
Sir Malcolm Wallace (brother to Sir Wm. Wallace), the
American pioneer of this branch, built his home in the Balti-
more forests (Baltimore County) and left issue, by his wife
(Mary Elizabeth Douglas Wallace) five sons and two daughters,
viz: Herbert, William, Thomas, James, Edward, Mary and
Nettie. Herbert, William and James were the joint owners
of a large tract of timber land, which subsequently received
the designation of " Brothers' Industry."

William married Eleanor Young, resided at a place called
Ellerslie, in Maryland, and left issue :

1. Alexander Wallace, born about 1736, married Frances

Montague (daughter of Capt. Wm. Montague, of Essex
County, Virginia), and had issue William and Frances
Wallace.

2. James Wallace, Physician, of Ellerslie.

3. Robert Wallace, married Mary Watts, of Washington,

D.C., where were either resident or born, a son,
Richard, and two daughters.

4. John Wallace, of Ellerslie, issue: Harriett, William,

John and Mary.

James Wallace (brother of Alexander), married Susannah
Young, and left issue :

1. Eleanor Wallace, married Charles Young of Virginia.

2. John Wallace, of Henry County, Kentucky, issue

Eleanor, Mary, Elizabeth, and William Wallace.

Wallace or €ndlana

(Surroik countp).